Biography from Pierce Galleries, Inc.:
| Waugh, Frederick Judd (American, 1861-1940):
Waugh was a marine painter and illustrator born in Bordentown, New Jersey in 1861. He studied with his father, portrait painter Samuel Bell Waugh (1814-1885); at the Pennsylvania Academy of Fine Arts with Thomas Eakins and at the Academie Julian in Paris with Boulanger and T. Robert-Fleury (1888-1889). While sailing home from Paris across the Atlantic, Waugh became inspired to become a marine painter. Soon he depicted the New England Coast and painted in Provincetown (MA) and on Monhegan Island (ME).
He was a member of the Royal Academy, Bristol, England; Associate (1909) and Academician (1922) of the National Academy of Design; Salmagundi Club; Lotos Club; National Arts Club; fellow, Pennsylvania Academy of Fine Art; Boston Art Club; Connecticut Academy of Fine Arts; Washington Art Club; North Shore Art Association (1924); American Federation of Art; and more.
Awards include medals at the National Academy (1910, 1929, 1935); Buenos Aires Exposition (1919, gold); Boston Art Club; Art Institute of Chicago (1912); Conn. Academy of F.A. (1915); Pan-Pacific Exposition (1915); Philadelphia Art Club (1924, gold); Carnegie Institute; and Buck Hill Falls Art Association (1935).
His work is represented at: the Metropolitan Museum of Art; Art Institute of Chicago; National Gallery of Art, Wash., D.C.; Brooklyn Institute Museum; Terra Museum of Art; Montclair Art Museum; Walker Art Gallery, Liverpool; Durban Art Gallery, South Africa; Dallas Art Association; Austin Art League; City Art Museum of St. Louis; Pennsylvania Academy of Fine Art; Currier Gallery, Manchester, NH; the Edwin A. Ulrich Museum, Hyde Park, NY and more.
Waugh is best known for his ocean views that depict active waves crashing against jagged rocks along the New England coast. His views of the Monhegan shoreline show long distance views of the entire coast or close up views of only waves and rocks with little sky and no shoreline. Because he was an expert at painting the ocean he wrote and illustrated Painting by the Sea and Seascape Painting, Step by Step and Landscape Painting with a Knife. He also wrote The Clan of the Munes and illustrated for the London Graphic and the London Daily Mail early in his career.
Waugh exhibited extensively in the Paris Salons prior to exhibiting throughout the United States. By the time he died in Provincetown, Massachusetts, in 1940 he was a recognized worldwide for his sumptuous ocean and shoreline vistas in oil. |
Biography from Stuart Kingston Galleries:
| Waugh was a son of Samuel B Waugh, portrait painter, and he was a pupil of the Pennsylvania Academy of Fine Arts, in Philadelphia, and of the Julian Academy in Paris. He resided at various places in Europe between 1892-1907. His works have been chiefly marines.
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Biography from The Columbus Museum-Georgia:
| Frederick Judd Waugh was born into an artist’s family. His first teachers were his father, Samuel B. Waugh, a respected Philadelphia portrait painter, and his mother, Mary Eliza Young Waugh, a miniaturist. With encouragement from his parents, he attended the Pennsylvania Academy of the Fine Arts, where he studied with Thomas Eakins and Thomas Anshutz. After three years, he left for Paris, where he entered the Académie Julian and studied under Adolphe William Bougereau and Tony Robert-Fleury. In 1883, while he was still a student, his work was accepted for the Paris Salon. His father’s death in 1885 brought him back to the United States, where he spent the next seven years doing commercial work and painting some portraits. In 1892 he returned to Paris.
Although Waugh was very versatile and accomplished in depicting a variety of subjects, it was his marine paintings that brought him critical attention. Visiting Sark Island in the English Channel in 1893, he began to study water, rocks, and sky, often battling the elements to paint en plein air (out-of-doors).(1) By 1895 Waugh had set up his studio in the English coastal town of Saint Ives, Cornwall, where J. M. W. Turner had painted eighty years earlier. A large window in the studio provided an intimate view of the ocean, and he could continue his intensive study of waves in greater comfort. His wave paintings have been referred to as majesty in motion.(2)
Waugh remained in England for twelve years, working as an illustrator for various newspapers and magazines in London, and returning to Saint Ives to paint when time allowed.
In 1907 Waugh returned to the United States, eventually settling in Provincetown, Massachusetts. He was elected a member of the National Academy of Design in 1911. For five consecutive years he was voted the favorite artist of the prestigious Carnegie International Exhibition in Pittsburgh.
Waugh was known to have painted up to ten canvases a month to keep up with the demand for his work. The United States government called on him to help camouflage the naval fleet in World War I. Fittingly, upon his death, he was buried on the New England coast within sound and sight of the sea.(3)
Footnotes:
1. George E. Havens, "F.J. Waugh: America's Most Popular Marine Painter," American Artist (January 1967): 30-37. also, see Havens, Frederick J. Waugh: American Marine Painter, Orono: University of Maine Press, 1969.
2. Gary A. Hood, "Majesty in Motion," exh. brochure, for Smith-Kramer, Kansas City, Missouri, n.d.
3. Harold Nelson, Sounding the Depths: 150 years of American Seascape. New York: American Federation of Arts, 1991: 47. Nelson suggests that this close-up of the water gives the impression that the artist is standing in the surf as he paints.
Submitted by the staff of the Columbus Museum, Georgia.
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Biography from AskART:
| A noted seascape painter especially of surf churning against white froth on seaside rocks, Frederick Judd Waugh strove to convey the powerful movement of the water and the smell of the brine. He was also an illustrator, a writer of children's books, a bookplate designer, a designer of silver and copper objects, and a camouflage artist during World War I.
He was born in Bordentown, New Jersey and was the only child of painter Samuel Bell Waugh by his second wife, Mary Eliza Young, who was a miniature painter. He grew up in the atmosphere of the studio, and both he and his half sister, Ida, became painters.
He was trained at the Pennsylvania Academy of the Fine Arts from 1880 to 1883 and studied with Thomas Eakins. He continued his studies at the Academie Julian in Paris and exhibited at the Paris Salon. He returned to Philadelphia in 1885, the year his father died, and remained until 1892 painting portraits and landscapes and doing commercial work for the firm of Dakin and Petrie. In 1892, he married Clara Eugenie Bunn, whom he had met at the Pennsylvania Academy, and in that same year, they began a fifteen-year sojourn in Europe. They lived primarily in London from where he did many paintings of the Channel Island of Sark and at St Ives, Cornwell. He also did illustrations of the Boer War for Lord Northcliffe, the publisher of the "London Daily Mail."
In 1907 after two of his seascapes were rejected by the Royal Academy, the couple returned to the United States. Ironically, these paintings became an instant success in America. In 1929, he won the Palmer Memorial Marine Prize of the National Academy of Design.
When he returned to the United States, he lived primarily in New York City, Montclair, New Jersey, Kent, Connecticut, and Provincetown, Massachusetts.
He was also a skilled architect and designed the Episcopal church of St. Mary's of the Harbor at Provincetown, Massachusetts.
He died in Provincetown, survived by a son Coulton, who drew the newspaper comic strip called "Dickie Dare".
Source: Much of this information was provided by Peggy Frazier of Danville, California, who has done research on Samuel and Frederick Waugh.
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Frederick Waugh is also mentioned in these AskART essays:
San Francisco Panama-Pacific Exhibition 1915
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