 Born
in London, England on July 8th, 1881, the son of John Baker, sculptor,
Bryant Baker comes from a long line of builders and carvers. Both his
grandfather and his father worked on the wood and stone carving in
Westminster Abbey. As an apprentice to his father, Bryant continued the
family tradition by carving statues in Gothic style for Beverly
Minster. Following the example of his brother Robert, also a sculptor,
Baker came to the United States in 1916, and continued the array of
commemorative statues and portrait busts that had been so successful in
England.
Examples of his work are in France including L'Apres-midi d'un Faune, a marble
sculpture that depicts a slender nymph seated on the ground. She leans
backward laughing up at the faun who stands at the right. Both pull at
a piece of drapery cast over their shoulders and held in their
outstretched hands. The features are delicately accented and the hair
gracefully stylized. The small bronze from which this was enlarged was
modeled between 1927 and 1933. The sculptor himself cut the marble,
assisted by Abram Belskie.
His most famous piece in United States is Pioneer Woman Statue. Executed
in 1929, the Pioneer
Woman Statue is located at 14th and Highland, adjacent to the Pioneer
Woman Museum in Ponca City, Oklahoma. According to its dedicatory
plaque, Pioneer Woman was created "in appreciation of the heroic
character of the women who braved the dangers and endured the hardships
incident to the daily life of the pioneer and homesteader in this
country." The twelve-thousand-pound, seventeen-foot-tall, cast-bronze
statue stands atop a pyramidal, silver dale-stone base. The entire
presentation rises to forty feet. Depicted are a woman, Bible under her
arm, leading her young son bravely, confidently into the future.
In
1926-30 E. W. Marland, wealthy oil man and future governor of Oklahoma
(1935-39), developed a project that led to the Pioneer Woman
commission for Bryant. 1926-27 Marland, in cooperation with a New
York gallery, held a competition for the statue's design. Twelve
prominent sculptors, including A. Stirling Calder, James Earle Fraser,
Maurice Sterne, and H. A. MacNeil, were invited to prepare models. Each
received a brief, written description of the concept, two authentic
sunbonnets, and a $10,000 fee. In 1927 the gallery unveiled the models
and toured them to New York, Boston, Philadelphia, Pittsburgh, Detroit,
Chicago, Minneapolis, St. Paul, Dallas, Fort Worth, Oklahoma City, and
Ponca City; at all venues the public voted. More than 750,000 votes
were cast, and Bryant Baker's model won the commission and a $100,000
prize (MacNeil's entry scored second place).
On April 22, 1930, Pioneer Woman was dedicated at its permanent site in Ponca City, on
the anniversary of the 1893 opening of the Cherokee Outlet. Forty
thousand guests listened to humorist Will Rogers pay tribute to all
pioneers, but especially those of Oklahoma. United States President
Herbert Hoover and Oklahoma-born Secretary of War Patrick J. Hurley
spoke by broadcast from the nation's capital.
The twelve models,
and a Baker-designed Pioneer Man model, are housed at Woolaroc
Museum, near Bartlesville. The Pioneer Woman statue and associated
site were deeded to the state of Oklahoma by Marland.
The
contents of Bryant's New York studio were purchased by the City of
Ponca City after the sculptor's death in March, 1971. The studio had
been at the Cultural Center, Marland's first home, until the fall of
1999 when it was moved to the Marland Estate.
Baker considered
the Pioneer Woman statue his greatest work. At the dedication
ceremony, he said, "To have been commissioned to execute for you this
memorial to the pioneer woman will always live as the greatest event of
my life. There has never been a subject more sublime, more poetic, nor
yet more real and genuine. It must fire every imagination and it must
stir the depths of every heart."
Sources: Submitted by Linda Elsen, May 2004. Her source is www.marlandmansion.com |